论经济增长与环境保护的共生

中国经济的快速发展应该建立在环境保护前提之下,在发展中实现经济增长与环境保护共生。这需要从四个方面着手:把绿色GDP作为衡量经济发展的指标;发展低碳经济,实现经济发展与生态文明建设的双赢;加快产业升级,实现经济增长方式的转变;发展循环经济,构建环境友好型社会。     

湖北省经济发展与耕地资源变化的关系

近20年来，湖北省在经济快速发展的同时，伴随着耕地面积的快速减少，这对我国粮食安全战略产生了一定隐患。选择GDP、全社会固定资产投资总额、城市化水平与耕地面积作为主要分析指标，应用对比分析与最小二乘法分析了1990~2007年湖北省经济发展与耕地面积变化的关系，其能够解释耕地资源占有量的9298%的变化。研究结果表明：湖北省近20年的经济发展与耕地面积变化呈负相关关系，经济增长是耕地面积减少的主要原因，但随着经济发展水平上升和土地集约利用水平提高，单位经济增长付出的土地代价会逐渐下降；同时经济发达地区比经济欠发达地区耕地流失严重，平原地区比丘陵地区耕地减少量大。研究结果可以为湖北省在今后经济发展过程中，如何合理利用土地和保护有限的耕地资源提供一定的科学依据，为其他省份进一步研究经济发展中的耕地变化提供借鉴。     

旅游上市公司业绩与宏观经济的动态关系研究

从宏观经济视角研究其对旅游上市公司业绩变化的影响,探索两者之间的动态影响关系。通过普通最小二乘回归法,建立VAR模型,利用脉冲响应函数和方差分解定量分析了宏观经济对旅游上市公司业绩的影响。结果表明,GDP和人均可支配收入的变化冲击会给旅游上市公司主营业务收入带来长期的正向影响,短期的1年时间有小幅度波动,之后影响持续稳定。从长期来看,GDP对旅游上市公司主营业务收入的影响比人均可支配收入更大。     

The steel industry, abiotic resource depletion and life cycle assessment: a real or perceived issue?

Time and again, there has been a hue and a cry that the world is running out of natural resources and the most prominent among those is the famous study entitled ‘The Limits to Growth’ by the ‘Club of Rome’. Since then the fear of scarcity of abiotic resources has been challenging human societies around the globe, particularly the research community. In this paper we will examine the case of the steel industry to argue how and why mineral resources depletion is an issue that needs to be addressed through life cycle assessment in more detail. This paper shows that a more comprehensive understanding about the current production trends of iron ore and steel, which also requires several vital metals such as copper, manganese, nickel and so on, can provide useful insights in assessing the potential future threat of shortages due to depletion of abiotic mineral resources.     

南京市经济增长与工业“三废”污染水平计量模型研究

根据环境库兹涅茨曲线原理，选取南京市1985～2004年的经济与环境数据，运用SPSS和EXCEL软件，分析了经济因子与环境因子的相关关系，并建立了模拟经济因子与环境因子之间动态回归模型。研究结果表明，南京市工业废水排放量和人均GDP具有一般相关性，并不呈现库兹涅茨曲线倒“U”模型，而是呈三次曲线的“N”型，两个拐点分别在9 000元和29 000元，这可能与产业结构转变较快有关。工业废气排放量和固体废物产量与人均GDP存在显著相关性， 符合环境库兹涅茨曲线的倒“U”模型，拐点分别在30 000元和38 000元,均提前实现拐点。此外环境政策与科技对工业废水排放量影响也较大。经济结构是影响工业废气排放量和固体废物产量的主要因素，同时，南京市有利的环保科技政策使这两个环境指标提前实现拐点。     

Humble Opinions on the Relationship between the Percentage of Urban Residents in an Urban Region and the Economic Status in This Region in China

It is a fact that in U.S. the immigration between rural areas and city areas is free, but in China this type of immigration is restricted by HUKOU system （Hukou, namely the household registration system, was designed to control rural-urban in China）. All of those national policies in city areas are much better than those in rural areas, so those corresponding differences bring about great discrepancy of the economic status （mainly including GDP per person and income per resident） between rural and city areas in the same urban region, especially in different urban re- gions because the percentage of urban residents in those urban regions is in-equable. The present paper mainly researches the topic of relationship between the percentage of urban residents and the economic status in an urban region in China, including the relationship between the economic and the political functions of a settlement in China during the process of urbanization.     

The use of DPSIR framework to evaluate sustainability in coastal areas. Case study: Guanabara Bay basin,Rio de Janeiro,Brazil

The Guanabara Bay basin, SE Brazil, is shown as an experimental site to evaluate development and sustainability in coastal areas. We developed a Driver–Pressure–State–Impact–Response (DPSIR) framework in a practical context to integrate natural and socio-economic indicators. Sustainability reflects public policies towards the utilization of natural resources. Cost-benefit analysis (CBA) included in DPSIR evaluates losses and benefits resulting from such policies. CBA has some limitations due to the difficulty of valuating environmental goods and services. Instead of valuating them we propose to combine sustainability indicators and defensive expenditures for the implementation of public policies. This approach agrees with the environmental conservation paradigm implicit in sustainable development. It allows an estimation of the physical natural capital depreciation (PNCD), by using it to correct the gross domestic product (GDP) of the study area, and demonstrating the present non-sustainable characteristics of the current policies applied to the area.     

就葫芦岛市矿业开发论绿色GDP及环保在绿色GDP中作用

绿色GDP是对GDP指标的一种调整与发展,能较客观地反映经济状况与国民福利程度.在此就葫芦岛市矿业开发存在的环境、生态问题,呼唤绿色GDP研究与应用,并探讨了环境保护工作在绿色GDP中的作用.     

环境与经济综合核算研究初探

本文论述了环境与经济综合核算的概念、环境与经济综合核算的意义及目前我国进行环境经济综合核算的必要性。并总结了国内外在此方面的研究进展及现状，介绍了核算绿色GDP的内容和常用的方法，最后指出了目前存在的问题及发展趋势。